CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE PATELLA
Congenital dislocation of the patella is a medical condition where the knee cap (patella) is not in its normal position at birth. It is caused by a malformation of the knee joint or the muscles and ligaments that support the knee cap. The patella may become dislocated laterally, medially, or superiorly and cause pain, instability, and difficulty moving the knee. The severity of this condition can range from mild to severe. In certain cases, the patient may require surgery or physical therapy, to manage symptoms and improve knee function.
If your child needs surgery or casting, our Fracture Care Clinic opens every day and you do not need an appointment. Surgery rooms get scheduled every morning, so your child receives the care and attention they need right away.
Congenital Dislocation of the Patella
Congenital Dislocation of Patella (CDP) is a birth defect. Unfortunately, the kneecap (patella) is abnormally positioned and is not properly aligned with the knee joint. This condition can result in knee pain, instability, and limited range of motion. It is a rare condition that is usually diagnosed in childhood and may require surgical treatment to correct.
Diagnosing a Congenital Dislocation of Patella
Doctors diagnose Congenital Dislocation of the Patella (CDP) by performing a physical examination and imaging tests. During the physical exam, the doctor will assess the knee’s range of motion, and stability, and look for any signs of deformity. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, are used to confirm the diagnosis and to determine the extent of the condition. Furthermore, these tests help doctors see the position of the patella. Additionally, they disclose any other underlying skeletal problems that may contribute to the dislocation.
In some cases, doctors may also request additional tests. For instance, a CT scan, to get a more detailed view of the knee joint and surrounding structures. The diagnostic process may also involve consultations with orthopedic surgeons and other specialists to determine the best course of treatment.
Treating a Congenital Dislocation of the Patella
The treatment for Congenital Dislocation of the Patella (CDP) depends on the severity of the condition and may include non-surgical and surgical options.
Non-surgical options include:
- Physical therapy: To improve knee strength, flexibility, and stability, a physical therapist may develop an exercise program.
- Bracing: Wearing a knee brace can help support the knee and improve stability.
- Medications: Anti-inflammatory medications can help relieve knee pain and swelling.
Surgical options include:
- Soft tissue surgery: To correct the position of the patella, doctors can surgically adjust the ligaments.
- Osteotomy: In severe cases, doctors may need to cut and reposition the bones of the knee.
- Joint reconstruction: In some cases, surgeons will rebuild the knee joint and improve its stability and function.
The most appropriate treatment option for a patient with CDP will depend on their individual case. Doctors will determine the best procedure after a thorough exam.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is Congenital Dislocation of the Patella in a child, and how does it occur?
Congenital Dislocation of the Patella is a condition present at birth where the kneecap (patella) is located abnormally, usually dislocated or unstable. It can occur due to a variety of factors, including abnormal development of the quadriceps muscles, ligaments, or bone structure in the knee joint during fetal development. Genetic factors may also play a role in its occurrence.
What are the common symptoms and signs of Congenital Dislocation of the Patella in a child?
Children with Congenital Dislocation of the Patella may exhibit signs such as an abnormal alignment or position of the kneecap, instability or dislocation of the kneecap with movement, difficulty in straightening the leg, and possible limping or an abnormal gait. As the child grows and becomes more active, they may experience recurrent pain, stiffness, or limited mobility in the affected knee. These symptoms can vary in severity from mild to more severe cases.
How do doctors diagnose and treat Congenital Dislocation of the Patella in a child ?
Diagnosis of Congenital Dislocation of the Patella typically involves a thorough physical examination, imaging studies (e.g., X-rays, MRI), and sometimes additional specialized imaging like CT scans to assess the alignment and anatomy of the knee joint. Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and may include conservative measures like physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the knee, bracing, or orthotics. In more severe cases, doctors may recommend surgical intervention to correct the alignment of the patella, repair ligaments, or address any other structural abnormalities.
When congenital medical problems arise, the experts are at the Medical City Children’s Orthopedics and Spine Specialists. We urge you to make an appointment
Congenital Dislocation of the Patella can be Helped with Physical Therapy
Physical therapy can help in managing symptoms and improving function in individuals with Congenital Dislocation of the Patella (CDP). Moreover, physical therapy can help improve knee strength, stability, and flexibility, which can reduce pain and improve overall function. A physical therapist will work with the patient to develop an individualized exercise program that takes into account the patient’s specific needs and goals. This may include exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee, improve range of motion, and improve overall stability.
In some cases, physical therapy and other treatments, such as bracing or surgery will optimize the patient’s recovery and outcome. Physical therapy is an important component of a comprehensive treatment plan for individuals with CDP and can help improve their overall quality of life.
How Long is the Recovery Period for Surgically Repairing a Congenital Dislocation of the Patella
The recovery period after surgical repair of a Congenital Dislocation of the Patella (CDP) varies depending on the type of surgery performed, the patient’s age, and their overall health. In general, patients can expect to undergo a period of rehabilitation following surgery, which may last several months. During this time, patients will typically need to limit their activities to allow the knee to heal and regain strength. Physical therapy will play an important part in the rehabilitation process. The therapist will work with the patient to develop an individualized exercise program to help regain strength and mobility.
Finally, for most patients, it may take several months to a year to fully recover and return to normal activities. Some patients may experience some limitations in knee mobility and strength, even after a successful surgical procedure. The exact length of the recovery period will depend on the specifics of the patient’s case and the doctors will discuss those elements with the patient and their doctor.
Bring your child to Medical City Children’s Orthopedics and Spine Specialists
Through a combination of preventive measures, regular exercise, and ongoing monitoring, our doctors at Medical City Children’s Orthopedics Spine Specialists can support children in overcoming hamstring contracture and fostering their optimal musculoskeletal health. Also, we have offices in Arlington, Dallas, Flower Mound, Frisco, and McKinney. Give us a call and make an appointment for your child.
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Footnote:
National Library of Medicine: Congenital Dislocation of the Patella
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